Hi! I can talk on the physics side here. The types of jobs you can get after a bachelor's in comparison to a postgrad like a PhD is different.
If you plan to only complete a bachelor's degree in physics, depending on the subjects you do in your degree you could land in these fields:
- If you do biophysics: Medical Imaging, Bioinformatics and Medical physics
- If you focus more on geophysics: Environmental work and the Australian geothermal energy association
- Business and Finance
- Government work including bureau of statistics, meteorology.
- Education if you take some further study
- Communications (specifically science)
- Data Science/Engineering related firms
That's a rough guide above. If you decide to take further postgrad studies like a PhD, you are able to work in research at places like CERN, Max Planck, ANSTO, DSTG and more! I should also mention research based jobs usually only take those with a PhD. There is a lot of flexibility in this major (I would argue this and maths majors can go nearly anywhere). I've never seen anyone struggle to get a job after a physics degree personally.
Studying physics is hard and you should expect to put a lot of effort into it. When you study physics, you also need to study maths and some computer science-related subjects, so its a lot to take in. Physics is a mix of theoretical and experimental where you get more choice the further you go into your degree. There are also plenty of opportunities to take research opportunities and internships in your degree. Hope this helps!